Game theory consists of mathematical models of strategic interactions. Modern game theory began with the idea of mixed-strategy equilibria in two-person zero-sum games and its proof by John von Neumann.
Concepts
Here lie an assortment of concepts revolving around game theory.
Focal Point (aka Schelling point)
a solution to choose by default in the absence of communication in order to avoid coordination failure. The existence of focal points can help explain the use of social norms, including traditional gender roles, in order to ensure coordination, and why changing said norms can be difficult.
the concept of a focal point has been widely accepted in game theory however it is still unclear how a focal point forms.